Overview
Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist originally developed for type 2 diabetes (Ozempic) and later approved for weight management (Wegovy). It is the most commercially successful peptide therapeutic, generating over $20 billion in annual revenue. It works by mimicking the GLP-1 hormone to reduce appetite and improve blood sugar control.
Mechanism of action
Semaglutide binds to GLP-1 receptors in the brain (hypothalamus) to reduce appetite and food intake. It slows gastric emptying, increases insulin secretion in response to glucose, and suppresses glucagon release. The fatty acid modification (C-18 acylation) extends its half-life to ~7 days by promoting albumin binding.
Dosing protocols
| Purpose | Route | Dosage | Frequency | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| weight loss | subcutaneous | 0.25–2.4 mg | weekly | Start 0.25mg weekly for 4 weeks, escalate every 4 weeks: 0.5 → 1.0 → 1.7 → 2.4mg. |
Dosing information is for educational purposes only. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any peptide.
Research summary
The STEP clinical trial program (6 trials, 10,000+ participants) demonstrated 15-17% body weight reduction over 68 weeks with semaglutide 2.4mg weekly. FDA-approved for both T2D (Ozempic 0.5-2mg) and obesity (Wegovy 2.4mg). Ongoing trials investigate cardiovascular benefits, NASH treatment, and Alzheimer's disease.
Side effects
Side effects vary by individual. This is not an exhaustive list. Report unusual symptoms to a healthcare professional.
Common stacks
Peptides commonly paired with Semaglutide for synergistic effects.
Legal status
FDA-approved as Ozempic (diabetes) and Wegovy (obesity). Requires prescription. Compounded versions were available but face FDA enforcement action as of 2026.
Where to get it
Prescription required
Semaglutide is a prescription medication. Consult your healthcare provider or a licensed telehealth platform for access.